Macular Degeneration: Early Signs and How to Detect It
Age-Related Macular Degeneration: What You Should Know
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of vision loss in older adults, affecting millions each year. Recognizing the early signs can make a significant difference in preserving vision and slowing the progression of this sight-threatening condition.
Types of Macular Degeneration
Dry AMD is the most common form, developing slowly over time. It occurs when the light-sensitive cells in the macula (the part of your retina responsible for sharp, central vision) begin to break down. Though its exact cause is unknown, genetics and environmental factors are believed to play a role.
Wet AMD is less common but more aggressive. It happens when abnormal blood vessels grow beneath the retina, leaking fluid or blood and creating a large blind spot in the central field of vision. Without treatment, it can cause rapid and severe vision loss.
Symptoms and Risk Factors
Early signs of AMD include:
- Blurry or distorted central vision
- Difficulty recognizing faces
- Straight lines appearing wavy
- The presence of drusen (tiny yellow deposits beneath the retina)
If you notice any of these symptoms, it's important to see a retina specialist promptly.
Risk factors for AMD include:
- Age (50+)
- Smoking
- Diets high in saturated fats
- High blood pressure
- Family history of AMD
Treatment Options
While there’s no cure for AMD, early intervention can slow progression and preserve vision. Common treatment options include:
- Intravitreal injections: Medications are injected directly into the eye to block VEGF, the molecule that promotes abnormal blood vessel growth in wet AMD.
- Laser therapy: In some cases, a hot laser is used to seal leaky blood vessels.
Why Early Detection Matters
AMD is a serious condition that can lead to permanent vision loss, but with early diagnosis and appropriate treatment, outcomes can be greatly improved. If you or a loved one is experiencing any symptoms or has risk factors, don’t wait. Schedule an appointment with Retina Associates of Utah today in Salt Lake, Provo, Logan, Layton, or Lehi.
Your vision matters – stay informed, stay proactive.